TRAI Proposses use of Blockchain Technology to curb spam calls, texts
Telicom Regularity Authority of India(TRAI) in it's draft Telecom Commercial Communication Customer Preference, 2018 has proposed the use of Blockchain Technology to check the menace of Unsolicited Commercial Communication(UCC) or spam calls or massages. This will the first time any conuntry deploying Blockchain Technology to check unwanted calls.
How it will work ?
Blockchain based norms to check UCC will record all communications between subscribers and entities, capturing customer consent for information and authorised telemarketing agencies. This will ensure two things, non- repudiative and confidentiality.
It will be safeguarding personal informations of customers as well as better check on Unsolicited Commercial Communication calls. Only those who have authority to access will be able to access the details of the subscribers and only when they need to deliver service.
The draft proposes to check misuse of orepeated UCC being made to even costomers who have given their consent. Now the subscribers will be able to revoke consent given to the entity through TRAI app or other mechanisms defined under this draft.
Benefits
Using Blockchain Technology all information can be recorded and more informations can be given to customers regarding commercial communications. The Telemarketers will not have access to the details of Telecom customers. They only can reach out to those informations if they are opted to receive the information.
Moreover, any apammer who uses 10 digit number to communicate with people can be tracked immediately after few people report to TRAI as data can be matched.
Scientists created world's first 3D printed corneas
Scientists from New Castle University, US created first ever 3D printed corneas(3D printed thin protective film over eye). This will help to solve the problem of unavailability of eye donor and gaining vision again to blind person.
Cornea is the outermost film of our eye with is liable to focus our vision and to protect our eyes from dust or bacterias. Damage of cornea from injury or infection can distort vision or sometimes leads to blindness.
Key Points
The 3D printed hunan corneas were created using a bio-ink solution consists of healthy corneal stem cells mixed together with alginate and collagen. The combination of alginate(a gel derived from seaweed) and collagen helps to keep the stem cells alive and produces material of required dimention whis is stiff enough to hold it's shape and soft enough to be squeezed through the nozzle of 3D printer.
Ruthenium: Scientists discovered Fourth element showing Magnetism at room temperature
Scientists from University of Minnesota, US introduced Ruthenium as a Fourth element shows ferromegnatic property at room temperature. There were only three elements( Iron(Fe), Nickel(Ni) and Cobalt) in the periodic table so far which shows ferromegnatic property at room temperature. However It took two years of them to find the right method to grow this material and validate it.
Key points
- Scientists used ultra thin membranes of Ruthenium to force ferromagnetic phase
- It can be the fourth material in the periodic table having ferromegnatic properties
- It may be used for improving sensors, devices used in computers memories and logic industies or other industries deals with Magnetism.
- The most important property that makes it special is- It is resistant to oxidation and have high thermal stability, which is vital requirement for scaling of magnetic memories.
Ruthenium is a rare transition element of platinum group in the periodic table. It has an atomic no. of 44. Like other elements in platinum group, it's also inert to most of the chemicals. It was discovered in 1844 by Russian born scientist Karl Ernest and named after former latin name of Russia. It is found as a minor component in platinum ores. It's used in wear resistant electrical contacts and thick film resisters. It is also used as a component in platinum alloys and as a chemical catalyst.
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